Diego Velazquez
 

Listed are the ingredients Velazquez used to make his colors:

White: Lead White and calcite
Yellow: Yellow Iron Oxide, lead-tin yellow, Naples Yellow
Orange: orange iron oxide and vermilion of mercury
Red: red iron oxide, vermilion of mercury, organic red lake.
Blue: Azurite, lapiz lazuli and smalt
Brown: brown iron oxide and manganese oxide
Black: organic black of vegetal or animal origin
Green: azurite, iron oxide and lead tin-yellow
Purple: organic red lake and azurite

Source: "Velazquez: The Technique of Genius" by Jonathan Brown

Here is a picture of his palette.